Analysis of Agri-Food Trade Structures

To Promote Agri-Food Trade Networks

In the Islamic Countries

111

Table 27: Leading Export Product - Destination Combinations for Tunisia, 2016.

Product

Leading Export Destinations

Fish and crustaceans

Italy, Spain, France, Malta, Japan, Jordan, Algeria, France, Russia, Turkey.

Pasta

Libya, Ethiopia, Niger, Equatorial Guinea, France, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Cameroon,

Chad, New Zealand.

Bread products

Libya, France, Algeria, Italy, Morocco, Gabon, Jordan, Lebanon, Cote d’Ivoire, Congo.

Vegetables (fresh)

France, Libya, Italy, Netherlands, UAE, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Germany, Spain,

Burkina Faso.

Vegetables (prepared)

Libya, Italy, France, Algeria, Netherlands, Germany, Canada, Belgium, Lebanon, USA.

Fruit and nuts

Morocco, France, Germany, Italy, USA, Spain, Libya, Malaysia, Indonesia, UAE.

Margarine and

shortening

Libya, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Guinea, Gambia, Mauritania, Lebanon, Madagascar,

Jordan.

Other edible products

Senegal, Libya, Algeria, USA, Germany, Cuba, France, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, Guinea.

Tobacco

France, Libya, Turkey, Belgium, Morocco, Algeria, USA, Germany, Denmark.

Olive oil

Italy, Spain, USA, France, Canada, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Portugal, UAE, Morocco.

Source: UN Comtrade.

The above insights can be formalized by analyzing degree centrality, i.e. the number of countries

it has direct trade links with. Figure 56 shows results for the export side. There is a clear

tendency towards increasing geographical diversification of exports over the last decade, the

only exception being tobacco, where foreign markets in 2016 were fewer in number than in

2005. This result suggests that although Tunisia’s exports are relatively concentrated in the

product dimension, that concentration is to some degree offset over time by increasing diversity

in markets served.

Figure 56:

Out Degree Centrality, Ten Leading Tunisian Agricultural Exports, 2005-2016, Number