Figure 1: Conceptual breakdown of trade costs. ..........................................................................................................7

Figure 2: TFIs related to information availability, 2017, by income group (with Singapore for

reference). .............................................................................................................................................................. 22

Figure 3: TFIs related to information availability, 2017, by developing region (with Singapore

for reference)........................................................................................................................................................ 23

Figure 4: Percent change in average TFI score, by income group, 2012-2017. ........................................... 24

Figure 5: Percent change in average TFI score, by developing region, 2012-2017. .................................. 25

Figure 6: UNGS data related to information availability, by income group with Singapore for

reference, 2017. ................................................................................................................................................... 26

Figure 7: UNGS data related to information availability, by region with Singapore for

reference, 2017. ................................................................................................................................................... 27

Figure 8: Percentage change in UNGS data related to information availability, by income

group, 2015-2017............................................................................................................................................... 27

Figure 9: Percentage change in UNGS data related to information availability, by developing

region, 2015-2017.............................................................................................................................................. 28

Figure 10: Average TFI scores by component and country group, 2017........................................................ 31

Figure 11: Average UNGS pillar scores by country group, 2017. ....................................................................... 31

Figure 11: Average TFI scores by component, OIC regional groups, 2017. ................................................... 32

Figure 12: TFI scores by component, OIC African Group, 2017.......................................................................... 33

Figure 13: TFI scores by component, OIC Arab Group, 2017............................................................................... 34

Figure 14: TFI scores by component, OIC Asian Group, 2017. ............................................................................ 35

Figure 15: Percentage change in TFI scores, 2012-2017, by OIC regional group. ...................................... 36

Figure 16: Percentage change in OECD TFIs, African Group, 2012-2017....................................................... 37

Figure 17: Percentage change in OECD TFIs, Arab Group, 2012-2017............................................................ 38

Figure 18: Percentage change in OECD TFIs, Asian Group, 2012-2017. ......................................................... 39

Figure 19: UNGS data for OIC regional groups and Singapore as a comparator, 2017. ........................... 40

Figure 20: UNGS data for the OIC African Group, 2017. ......................................................................................... 41

Figure 21: UNGS data for the OIC Arab Group, 2017. .............................................................................................. 42

Figure 22: UNGS data for the OIC Asian Group, 2017.............................................................................................. 43

Figure 23: Average percentage changes on UNGS indicators by OIC Regional Group, 2015-2017. ... 44

Figure 24: Point changes on UNGS indicators by African Group country, 2015-2017. ............................ 45

Figure 25: Point changes on UNGS indicators by Arab Group country, 2015-2017. ................................. 46

Figure 26: Point changes on UNGS indicators by Asian Group country, 2015-2017................................. 47

Figure 27: Mexico's TFI scores with Singapore for reference, 2017................................................................. 50

Figure 28: UNGS data for Mexico, with Singapore for comparison. .................................................................. 51

Figure 29: TFI scores for the UAE, with Singapore as a reference, 2017........................................................ 56

Figure 30: UAE performance on the UNGS data compared with Singapore, 2017..................................... 58

Figure 31: TFI scores for Malaysia with Singapore for comparison, 2017. ................................................... 59

Figure 32: UNGS data for Malaysia with Singapore as comparator. ................................................................. 60

Figure 33: Trade to GDP ratio, Senegal, 2010-2017, percent............................................................................... 62

Figure 34: Performance on information availability in the TFIs, Senegal, 2017. ........................................ 64

Figure 37: Trade to GDP ratio in Morocco, 2010-2017. ......................................................................................... 73

Figure 38: Performance on information availability in the TFIs, Morocco and Singapore, 2017........ 74

Figure 40: General mapping of PortNet process........................................................................................................ 77

Figure 41: Management of an importation paper in PortNet. ............................................................................. 78

Figure 42: Trade to GDP ratio, Bangladesh, 2010-2017, percent. ..................................................................... 82