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COMCEC Agriculture Outlook 2018

38

Figure 32. Undernourished People in the OIC by Sub-Regions

Source: Annex 38

3.2.

Access

World Health Organization defines the food access as having sufficient resources to obtain

appropriate foods for a nutritious diet.

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Access dimension of food security is fully met when all

people in a country have all adequate resources needed to acquire sufficient nutritious and safe

food. Therefore, the concept of food accessibility encompasses several issues such as

affordability of individuals to purchase foods, distribution of income and consumption,

existence of nutritious goods in nearby grocery stores, sufficient and convenient transportation

nets to reach local food retailers.

In the FAO study of food security indicators, the access dimension of food security is measured

by various indicators such as percent of paved roads over total roads, road density, rail lines

density, gross domestic product per capita, domestic food price index, prevalence of

undernourishment, share of food expenditure of the poor, depth of the food deficit, distribution

of consumption and prevalence of food inadequacy.

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Two of the most important indicators of access are the average level of income and the

distribution of the income in a country. In this section we present two such indicators, namely

GDP Per Capita, Food Prices, and Calorie Consumption Distribution.

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WHO, 2015

15

FAO, 2015b

53,90

50,90

62,10

24,00

26,70

38,70

121,00

123,90

99,40

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1999-2001 2004-2006 2014-2016 1999-2001 2004-2006 2014-2016 1999-2001 2004-2006 2014-2016

African Group

Arab Group

Asian Group

Million People