Sustainable Destination Management
Strategies in the OIC Member Countries
36
of the domestic markets as well as comparing the potential corridor with other similar
initiatives.62
Researching international tourism trends is an important component of demand analysis.
Recent UNWTO figures indicate that the highest average annual growth in outbound tourism
between 2010-2018 is from Asia and the Pacific (7.2%), followed by the Americas (5.3%). The
latest figures also indicate that China is still the world’s largest spender, accounting for one-
fifth of international tourism spending, followed by the United States. 63 These trends were
identified by the Council of Europe, which targeted Chinese markets by taking part in the
“Chinese Virtual Tourism Fair” to promote Chinese tourism in Europe.64
Table 15: Outbound Tourism by generating Region
Millions
Average
Annual
Growth
(%)
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018* 10-18*
World 438 531 680 809 952 1,196 1,241 1,329 1,401 5.0
From
Europe 254.6 308.1 396.4 450.7 490.8 581.8 592.8 636.6 672.3 4.0
Asia and
the Pacific
58.7 86.2 113.8 152.9 205.3 293.6 314.4 337.6 358.7 7.2
Americas 99.4 108.2 130.6 136.5 155.4 200.2 211.6 227.3 235.0 5.3
Middle
East
8.2 8.5 12.8 21.5 33.5 39.7 36.3 36.8 40.6 2.4
Africa 9.8 11.5 14.9 19.4 28.3 36.0 39.6 42.5 45.5 6.1
Origin not
Specified
7.6 8.7 12.0 28.4 38.3 44.2 40.4 47.7 49.0
Source: UNWTO 2019
In the case of the Iron Curtain Trail, a continuous cycle trail over 10,400 km in length from the
Barents Sea to the Black Sea across 20 European countries, an estimate of the demand was
developed based on a model that uses bed density and day trips based on population density
and the national share of cycling as a main transport mode. Estimated revenues were also
calculated based on constant revenue per holiday trip and per day. The estimates showed that
revenues are dependent on the length of the route, the tourism infrastructure, the daily use of
the bicycle as a mode of transport, and population density. 65
Best Practices in Infrastructure Assessment
The Tourism & Transport Forum defines tourism infrastructure as “the supply chain of
transport, social, and environmental infrastructure collaborating at a regional level to create
an attractive tourismdestination.”66 As most MDTCs benefit from previously existing social and
environmental infrastructure in corridor countries, the focus of cooperation and development
62 UNWTO (UNWTO) and European Travel Commission. 2017. Handbook on Marketing Transnational Tourism Themes and
Routes.
63 UNWTO. 2019. International Tourism Highlights: 201 Edition.
64 EU-China Tourism Year website.
65 European Parliament. 2012. THE EUROPEAN CYCLE ROUTE NETWORK EUROVELO: Challenges and Opportunities for
Sustainable Tourism.
66 Tourism & Transport Forum. 2012. Tourism Infrastructure Policy and Priorities.