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COMCEC Agriculture Outlook 2019
adaptive capacity, are determined and then a final index value is determined. Secondly, based
on the scores of these indices, outcomes of the cluster analysis are presented. Finally, with the
help of clusters, country performances in terms of exposure levels to extreme climatic events,
level of sensitivity to these events, adaptive capacity level to decrease these sensitivities, and
overall vulnerability toextreme climatic events in the frame of food safety are discussed 22 23.
A total of 118 countrieswas analyzed of which 30 of the OIC member countries out of 57 states
have been included depending on the availability of the data. To the best of the writers’
knowledge this is the first analysis of its unique kind including OICMember States.
4.1. Exposure Index (EI) Scores
Normalized exposure index scores are shown in ascending order in Table 9 and on the map in
Figure 40.
Table 9 Cluster groups for Exposure Index (EI) scores
Cluster 1 Cluster 2
Very low Exposure Low Exposure Very low
Exposure
Low Exposure
(0-0,087) (0,088-0,27) (0,28-0,44) (0,45–1,00)
Malta, UAE, Finland, Canada,
Mongolia, Suriname, Kazakhstan,
Norway, Russia, Botswana, Egypt,
Sweden, Australia, Algeria, Congo,
Mali, Mauritania, Brazil, Tunisia,
Uzbekistan, Namibia, Ghana,
Ukraine, Argentina, Zambia,
Venezuela, Iran, Kuwait, Cote
d’Ivoire, Cameroon, Tanzania,
USA, South Africa, Morocco,
Nigeria, Madagascar, Laos,
Ethiopia, Mozambique, Saudi
Arabia, Chile, China, Belarus,
Denmark, Paraguay, Mexico,
Jordan, Bolivia, Uruguay, Peru,
Cambodia, Spain, Turkey, Estonia,
Kenya, India, France, Togo,
Germany, Colombia, Poland,
Thailand, Latvia, Georgia UK,
Malaysia
Indonesia, Armenia, Pakistan,
Uganda, Hungary, Lithuania,
Ecuador, Cuba, Afghanistan,
Czech R., Greece, Italy,
Nicaragua, Japan, Malawi,
Panama, Lesotho, KyrgyzRep.,
Portugal, Vietnam, Romania,
Lebanon , Honduras, Slovenia,
Bulgaria, Slovakia, Austria,
Swaziland, Dominican Rep.,
Albania, Moldova, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Croatia, Costa
Rica, Netherlands
Fiji, Tajikistan,
Senegal,
Macedonia,
Guatemala,
Belgium,
Philippines, Sri
Lanka,
Bangladesh
Nepal, Trinidad
and Tobago,
Cyprus, Jamaica,
Switzerland, El
Salvador,
Rwanda,
Mauritius
* OIC Member States are highlighted
According to the scores, United Arab Emirates have the lowest amount of exposure while
Bangladesh faces the highest exposure levels among OIC members. It can be seen from the
clustering that more than half of the countries face very low exposure levelswhi le only 14% of
the countries face moderate to high exposure. Among the OIC 21 out of 30 members, around
70% face very low exposure. The reason why mostly small countries having high exposure
22 Yeni, F. 2016.
23 Yeni F. and Alpas H., 2017