Increasing the Resilience of the Food Systems
In Islamic States in Face of Future Food Crises
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This program is run by the Center for Food Availability and Vulnerability under BKP. The main
activities to support the program are: 1) analysis of food availability, access, and vulnerability; 2)
provision of material for formulating policies on availability, access, and food insecurity; 3)
developmentof independentfood and village areas; and 4) development of smallholder livelihood
development(SOLID)models.One example of this activity is thesupport of agricultural production
andmarketing provided by thegovernment from increasingproduction, post-harvesthandling, and
processing of agricultural products (food, horticulture, and plantation). Between 2010 and 2014,
this program increased the production of rice by 1.56%, of corn by 1.24%, and of soybeans by
0.88%.
The government's priority program “upaya khusus” (UPSUS), or special efforts program—is an
acceleration of food self-sufficiency with commodities such as rice, corn, soybeans, sugar, meat,
chili, and shallots. This priority program began in 2015 with the main goals of expanding rice
fields, controlling land conversion, and improving irrigation facilities. UPSUS increased strategic
food production, including rice production of 81.5million tons (in 2017) or an increase of 15.1%
from 2014; corn production of 26 million tons (2017) or an increase of 36.9% from 2014, chili
production 1.9million tons or an increase of 1.5% from 2014 and red onion production of 1.42
million tons, up 15.3% from 2014. 436 The achievement of rice self-sufficiency shows that
Indonesia has not imported medium rice since 2016, and corn imports were only 1.13 million
tons (in 2016) or decreased by 61%compared to the 2015 number. In 2017, Indonesia exported
2,516 tons of shallots to Thailand, Malaysia, and Timor Leste. Although the program was not
fully realized, the strategic food self-sufficiency program showed that it could be successful.
One notable human resources development program for agriculture established Agricultural
Development Polytechnics (Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian/Polbangtan) in six locations in
2018. The establishment of the Polbangtan aims to increase socio-agricultural
entrepreneurship, and to maintain sustainable agricultural development by producing
professional, independent, and empowered agricultural humanresources competitiveness. This
program cooperateswith 29 universities on the Agriculture Young Entrepreneur Program—and
several private companies engaged in the agricultural sector .437 Other programs that will
improve human resources in agriculture include several training programs, especially in
cultivation techniques conducted by the Center for Agricultural Training (Balai Besar Pelatihan
Pertanian, BBPP). This is in order to increase agricultural knowledge primarily for the younger
generation. For instance, in 2016, it was noted that BBPP in Lembang carried out 90 professional
certifications.438
It is important, however, to acknowledge the limitations that still exist in Indonesia. According
to the Food Sustainability Index report, Indonesia is the world's 2 nd top Food Waster (OIC
leader). Indonesia disposes of about 300kg per capita, per year.439 Yet, 19.4 million people in
Indonesia are unable to meet their daily needs, with an undernourishment rate of 6%. Another
436 "Membagun Kedaulatan Pangan.
437 “Kementan Luncurkan EnamPoliteknik Pembangunan Pertanian
438 “Akuntabilitas Kinerja
439 Food Sustainablity Inde