Table 39: OIC Member States’ CRM Policy Options.....................................................................................144

Table 40: Trading Across the Border OIC MS Basic Statistics.................................................................168

Table 41: Export time and costs in OIC MS related to border and documentary compliance ..170

Table 42: Import time and costs in OIC MS related to border and documentary compliance..171

Table 43: Interpretation of the coefficient of correlation r......................................................................217

Table 44: CRM variable correlation cross matching...................................................................................218

List of Boxes

Box 1: Albania-Montenegro Border Virtualization.........................................................................................34

Box 2: Australia and New Zealand Collaborative Border Management ................................................34

Box 3: OIC MS participating in ASEAN SW .........................................................................................................36

Box 4: SEED – Systematic Electronic Exchange of Data ...............................................................................37

Box 5: EU Common Risk Management Framework .......................................................................................39

Box 6: Benin, Mali, Burkina Faso, Cameroon and Ivory Coast CDPS development...........................88

Box 7: Development of additional CRM system in OIC MS..........................................................................93

Box 8: Customs Code and Implementing Regulations Support of CRM..............................................148

Box 9: Systematic Electronic Exchange of Data

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SEED ............................................................................148

Box 10: Turkey Customs Continuous human resource development .................................................152

Box 11: New Zealand Customs Big Data Concept.........................................................................................166

Box 12 Kosovo DW and BI......................................................................................................................................167