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Table of Content
1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 The Methodology of the Study ................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 The Sections of the Study ............................................................................................................................. 6
2 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Customs Risk Management Framework (CRMF)............................................................................... 8
2.2 Setting Up and Operating CRM ................................................................................................................14
2.3 Benefits of Setting up CRMs ......................................................................................................................21
2.4 Authorized Economic Operators (AEO)...............................................................................................24
2.5 International Agreements, Standards and Recommendations ..................................................25
3 Global Trends and Best Practices ..........................................................................................31
3.1 Emerging Global Trends in CRM Development ................................................................................31
3.2 Analysis of Global non-OIC Best Cases..................................................................................................47
3.3 Summary – Lesson Learned from Kosovo, New Zealand and Australian Customs ...........70
3.4 Requirements for a Successful Outcome during Establishment & Implementation of CRM
..............................................................................................................................................................................72
3.5 Benchmark Criteria.......................................................................................................................................73
4 Analysis of OIC Member States’ CRM efforts ......................................................................76
4.1 Description of Assessment method .......................................................................................................76
4.2 Stage of Implementation of CRM in the OIC Member States.......................................................76
4.3 Comparative Findings of this study .......................................................................................................77
4.4 Summary of the main findings of the OIC MS CRM Efforts .......................................................103
5 OIC Country Case Studies ....................................................................................................... 105
5.1 CRM in Turkey Customs Administration (TCA).............................................................................105
5.2 CRM in Customs Service of Senegal (CSS)........................................................................................115
5.3 CRM in Albanian Customs Administration (ACA).........................................................................126
5.4 Summary – Lesson Learned from Turkey, Senegal and Albanian Customs.......................133
6 Conclusion and Recommendations.................................................................................... 137
6.1 Challenges ......................................................................................................................................................137
6.2 OIC MS CRM Policy Options....................................................................................................................144
7 List of Annexes........................................................................................................................... 168
7.1 ANNEX I...........................................................................................................................................................168
7.2 ANNEX II.........................................................................................................................................................177
7.3 ANNEX III .......................................................................................................................................................205
7.4 ANNEX IV........................................................................................................................................................215
7.5 ANNEX V .........................................................................................................................................................217