Planning of National Transport Infrastructure

In the Islamic Countries

also allowing for further analysis in high-quality data. This innovative procedure led to a

restructuring of all the collection operation phases: cartography, survey design, public-relations

(awareness) phase, pilot census, collection, processing, and dissemination. Because of its nature,

the data procession phase was easier, since it was done in the field, and the data entry phase

was entirely eliminated.

This procedure saw the essential support of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics

(IBGE) with technical expertise and provision of equipment used for data collection. This

experience had been shared in terms of the south-south co-operation. In 2013, INE and IBGE

supported the National Statistics and Demographic Agency of Senegal providing technical

collaboration and mobile devices to conduct a General Census of Population, Agriculture and

Cattle.

It is also interesting to see how the mobile devices is used after census rounds: in fact, some of

them are retained by the institutions for future survey needs, but the remainders could be

beneficial for the whole continent developing further technical expertise as supported by the

INE of Cape Verde in Fifth Africa Symposium on Statistical Development held in Senegal in 2009.

2.8.Monitoring System

2.8.1.

Introduction

Monitoring, evaluation and audit (M&E) is an essential component to the project cycle as shown

Monitoring is a procedure that is applied during the preparation and implementation

phase of the project cycle, evaluation after the project is completed to see if it is achieving the

results expected and audit is applied to the entire cycle to test compliance with its various

procedures (DEVCO, 2008).

Whilst all international funding agencies have very active M&E functions because they are

owned and funded by nations to whom they are accountable, those same nations are less

enthusiastic about monitoring and evaluating their own performance. M&E is variously

discussed by Casley and Kumar (1988) who show how data is to be collected and analysed,

Kusek and Rist (2004) who explain how M&E contributes to producing more sustainable

projects and Stem et al., (2005) report on the trends in M&E techniques.

Figure 7: Project Cycle Management

Source: EUROCO