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Reviewing Agricultural Trade Policies

To Promote Intra-OIC Agricultural Trade

149

4.6. Brazil

Brazil is an upper middle income country with a GDP of 2.1 trillion USD and 9,821 USD per capita

income in 2017. Brazil ranks 9

th

in GDP (PPP) and 183th in real growth rate among a total of 230

countries. The average rate of GDP growth in Brazil between 2010 and 2016 has been 1.4%. The

country has been in a recession from 2015 to 2016, corresponding to the worst economic

performance of the country’s history. In 2016, Brazil’s GDP growth rate has been -3.6%, inflation

rate has been 8.7%, and unemployment rate has been 11.3%.

Brazil has the 6

th

largest labor force in the world, and she has an agricultural sector with a 10.2%

employment share of the country’s working population in 2016. The agricultural sector

accounts for 5.5% of the country’s GDP with a value of 98.8 billion USD. A world leader in the

production of sugar, coffee, and orange juice, Brazil is the largest agricultural exporter in South

America, and among the largest agricultural exporters in the world.

Table 4. 56 Share of Agriculture in GDP, Employment and Trade, Brazil

Year

% share in GDP

% share in

employment

% share in

exports

% share in

imports

2008

4.6

17.5

27.9

5.0

2009

4.5

17.0

35.3

5.7

2010

4.1

16.0

31.6

5.3

2011

4.3

15.7

32.0

5.4

2012

4.2

11.5

34.1

5.4

2013

4.5

11.2

35.3

5.3

2014

4.3

10.4

37.0

5.3

2015

4.3

10.2

39.2

5.5

2016

4.9

10.2

38.4

7.8

Source: CEPII BACI, Eurostat RAMON, World Bank, UN Comtrade, UN Trade Statistics, and authors’ calculations

Figure 4. 60 Agricultural Exports and Imports, Billion USD, Brazil

Source: CEPII BACI, Eurostat RAMON, UN Comtrade, UN Trade Statistics, and authors’ calculations

Within subgroups of agricultural products,

Exports of agri-food products were 70.2 billion USD and imports of agri-food products

were 8.9 billion USD with a trade surplus of 61.3 billion USD in 2016.

Exports of fish products were 0.3 billion USD and imports of fish products were 1.2

billion USD with a trade deficit of 0.9 billion USD in 2016.

Exports of agricultural raw materials were 2.7 billion USD and imports of agricultural

raw materials were 0.9 billion USD with a trade surplus of 1.8 billion USD in 2016 (see

Figure 4.61).

58.5

55.2

64.6

83.3

83.8

87.4

84.1

76.1

73.2

8.6

7.3

9.7

12.2

12.2

12.7

12.0

9.4

11.0

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Agircultural export

Agircultural import