Analysis of Agri-Food Trade Structures
To Promote Agri-Food Trade Networks
In the Islamic Countries
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At the regional level, there is no evidence of product-level export diversification: all regions
exported at least some of all of the key products in 2005. At the level of individual countries,
however, there is mixed evidence of product-level export diversification and concentration
(Table 7). To conduct this analysis, data for 2005 and 2016 are compared. If a country did not
export a product in 2005 but did in 2016, that is counted as a “new” product, i.e. evidence of
export diversification. On the contrary, if a country exported a product in 2005 but did not in
2016, that is counted as a “product exit”, or evidence of increasing export concentration. The
pattern across countries is mixed. Bangladesh, for example, is substantially more concentrated
in key products, as are Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea, Qatar, Iran, and Syria. On the other hand, substantial
diversification is evident in Brunei, Kuwait, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Most countries see little
activity in either sense, which is evidence of a relative consistency in their key product export
bundle over time. This finding is consistent with evidence elsewhere in the report to the effect
that trade patterns exhibit a reasonable amount of stability through time.
Table 7: Export Diversification and Concentration among OIC Countries, 2005-2016, Key Products
Country No. of New Products No. of Product Exits
Afghanistan 4 0
Albania 1 1
Algeria 1 1
Azerbaijan 4 0
Bahrain 3 0
Bangladesh 0 15
Benin 3 0
Brunei 14 0
Burkina Faso 3 1
Cameroon 1 0
Comoros 0 3
Cote d'Ivoire 0 17
Egypt, Arab Rep. 0 0
Gabon 0 13
Gambia, The 7 1
Guinea 0 13
Guyana 1 0
Indonesia 0 0
Iran, Islamic Rep. 0 17
Iraq 2 6
Jordan 0 1
Kazakhstan 1 0
Kuwait 17 0
Kyrgyz Republic 2 0
Lebanon 0 0
Malaysia 0 0
Maldives 1 9
Mali 3 1
Mauritania 3 0
Morocco 1 0
Mozambique 4 0
Niger 1 1
Nigeria 14 0
Occ.Pal.Terr 0 3
Oman 3 0