Education of Disadvantaged Children in OIC:

The Key to Escape from Poverty

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marginal effect of living in a household in the 2

quintile disappeared in 2012 while a

small negative effect (2.4 percent) occurred for children living in households in the 3

quintile (compared to children living in households in the 5

quintile).



Gender has a negative effect on attendance neither in 1997 nor in 2012 for children aged

6-11 years old.

Attendance to school for 12-15 year olds

As of 2012, living in a household with a household head with no education, primary education

or secondary education (compared to a household head with higher education) and living in a

household in the 1

, 2

or 3

quintile (compared to living in a household in the 5

quintile) are

significantly and negatively associated with attendance to school for 12-15 year olds and the

marginal effects of these circumstances are generally larger than the marginal effects for

younger children. There are very small regional and locational inequalities. But gender and

number of children in the household do not have any significant effect on attendance.



Compared to living in urban areas living in rural areas increases the chances of attending

school for 12-15 year olds only slightly in both 1997 (1.5 percent) and 2012 (2.5

percent).



Compared to living in the Centre, living in the North or the South regions have very small

marginal effects. Living in the North increased the chances of attending school in 1997

by 2.4 percentage points while the significance of this effect disappeared in 2012. Living

in the South also increases slightly the chances of attending school both in 1997 (1.8

percent) and 2012 (2 percent).



Living in a household with a household head that has no education, primary education

or secondary education (compared to a household head with higher education degree)

decreases the likelihood of school attendance in both 1997 and 2012 and their negative

marginal effect increased for household heads with no education. In 1997 living in a

household with a household head with no education decreased the likelihood of

attending school by 15.6 percentage points while this rate is 16.8 percentage points in

2012.



Number of children in the household has an effect close to zero on attendance.



Low levels of household wealth is still negatively associated with school attendance but

its impact decreased over time. For instance children in the poorest quintile were 10.1

percent less likely to attend school as opposed to children in the richest quintile in 1997.

This value dropped down to 8.4 percent in 2012.



Gender does not have any significant effect on attendance to school for children aged 12-

15 years old.

Finishing 5 years of education for 12-15 year olds

In 2012, among the circumstances of children only household head’s education have a significant

and large enough marginal effect on finishing 5 years of education. None of the other

circumstances have a significantly large effect which points to a high level of success in terms of

equality of opportunities.