Risk & Crisis Management in Tourism Sector:
Recovery from Crisis
in the OIC Member Countries
72
4.1.3. Recovery from Crises in Indonesian Tourism
The Indonesian government set up a Crisis Management Team after the first Bali bombing in
2002. This was an ad hoc team led by the Ministry of Tourism’s Public Communications Unit,
which coordinated closely with other Ministries including Health, Social Affairs, Home Affairs
(i.e. internal affairs), and Foreign Affairs. Indonesia also has a separate Disaster Board which
collects information on a daily basis and reports directly to the President, but as far as tourism
is concerned, responsibility for monitoring crises and disasters lies with the Ministry of
Tourism’s Crisis Management Team (Kausar, 2017, pers. comm., 2 May). Despite the fact that
there was no crisis management plan in place to recover from terrorist incidents (although
planning had taken place to recover in the event of floods), the steps taken to recover from the
Bali bombing were deemed successful (Andari, 2008), and are shown in Figure 4.2 below.
Figure 4.2: Crisis Management after 2002 Bombings in Bali
Source: Presentation by Dr. Frans Teguh, Ministry of Tourism (n/d)
After its actions to track down the perpetrators of the 2002 bombings and improve security, the
Indonesian government called on the governments of source market countries to lift travel bans
and advisories; this was achieved around 18 months after the attacks. In recognition of the
advancesmade by the Indonesian security forces in tackling terrorism, when another tourist facility
in Bali was bombed in October 2005, the governments and travelling public of source markets
reacted less dramatically than in the previous incident, with the Japanese and Malaysian
Governments not strengthening their travel advisories at all (UNECOSOC, 2005).