Increasing the Resilience of the Food Systems
In Islamic States in Face of Future Food Crises
34
including the riskof foodborne illness through its Coordinated OutbreakResponse and Evaluation
(CORE) network. 94
Table 11: Monitoring - Best Practices
Country Monitoring Methods
Ireland - Agricultural productionmonitoring using Total Factor Productivity (TFP)
- Market information monitoring using a national price observatory and
consumer price surveys
- Social monitoring using the "consistent poverty" indicator
- Nutrition surveillance program based in national and EU guidelines
U.S. - Agricultural production monitoring covering major agricultural
commodities providing 10-year projections for the food and agriculture
sector
- Market information monitoring using a baseline database covering trade
and farmers’ income.
- Social monitoring using a survey-based, quantification of food insecure
households.
- Nutrition surveillance program using various systems including the
Coordinated Outbreak Response and Evaluation (CORE) network, which
monitors food safety
2.5. Adaptation and Mitigation – Best Practices
Given the importance of contingency planning for effective mitigation, best practice countries
have developed contingency plans for dealing with potential emergencies that threaten food
security. In Ireland, the Government Task Force (GTF) on Emergency Planning developed the
“Strategic Emergency Management (SEM): National Structures and Framework.” The
Framework lists responsibilities and guidance for 50 emergency incident types. The key
government departments responsible for response and coordination in cases of extreme
weather events are the Departments of Housing, Planning and Local Government. Based on the
framework and its guidelines, emergency response is locally led initially, with local authorities
managing inter-agency response, sending alerts, and employing appropriate precautionary
measures for the different incidents. 95 In the U.S., the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
routinely carries out risk assessments through its CFSCAN unit, such as the QPRAM, a virtual
laboratory that uses past contaminations to predict the likelihood and risk of new
contaminations arising.96
Risk and vulnerability reduction measures/strategies aim to prevent or decrease the effects of
potential food insecurity drivers. Risk and vulnerability reduction measures related to
agricultural land include enhancing ecosystem services—such as planting trees to increase
shade and improve soil fertility—and crop diversification to adapt to climate variability and
fight pests. Examples includeMalawi farmers planting leguminous trees and shrubs to increase
94 FDA. (2019, June 28). Outbreak of Foodborne Illness. Retrieved fro
95 DCCAE. (2019, January 19). National Adaptation Framework. Retrieved
action/topics/adapting-to-climate-change/national-adaptation-framework/Pages/default.aspx
96 FDA. (2018, September 20). CFSANRisk & Safety Assessments. Retrieved fro