Barriers and Opportunities for Enhancing Capital Flows
In the COMCEC Member Countries
105
Mercosur or ASEAN). Or the country enjoys considerable
preferential access to a major regional trade area.
 Formally may be a member of a trade regional
grouping, but in practice, intra-bloc trade remains
significantly restricted and any preferential access to major
regional trade areas is limited.
 Not member of any regional trade grouping.
10. Proximity to major world markets (air distance to US, EU
or Japan; in km)
 Very close: if less than 1,000km
 Close: if between 1,000and 1,600km
 Moderately close: if between 1,599 and 3,400
 Far away: if between 3,399 and 6,000
 Very far away: if more than 6,000km
1. Degree to which private property rights are guaranteed
and protected
 Very high: private property guaranteed by state and
efficient contract enforcement
 High: private property guaranteed but enforcement
sometimes imperfect
 Moderate: property rights recognised but
enforcement lax
 Low: inadequate protection
 Very low: protection non-existent or very low,
predominantly state ownership
2. Level of government regulation (mainly licensing
procedures) on setting up new private businesses
 Very low: regulations straightforward and applied
uniformly to all
 Low: simple licensing procedures, fairly simple
regulations, applied uniformly most of the time
 Moderate: haphazard application of regulations,
complicated licensing, can be significant hindrance
 High: major barriers to opening business,
government quotas, complex and expensive licensing
procedures
IV Policy towards private
enterprise and competition