51
Table 2.2: OLS Estimates of the Determinants of Student Achievement in the OIC
Poor
(bottom 40% wealth group)
Non-Poor
(top 60% wealth group)
VARIABLES Reading Math Science Reading Math Science
Wealth 7.147** 6.768** 6.476** -8.297** -8.862** -9.158**
(0.657) (0.583) (0.620) (0.413) (0.392) (0.402)
Girl 44.07** 0.222 15.48** 45.12** -0.441 16.08**
(1.151) (1.055) (1.101) (1.004) (0.963) (0.973)
Age 6.642** 4.557* 5.261** 9.774** 8.210** 7.579**
(1.973) (1.801) (1.886) (1.747) (1.664) (1.686)
Attended pre-school 13.88** 12.53** 13.66** 19.02** 18.73** 17.26**
(1.225) (1.110) (1.167) (1.118) (1.057) (1.070)
Test language spoken at
home 3.835** -0.978 5.651** 8.312** -4.008** 9.605**
(1.476) (1.374) (1.433) (1.187) (1.186) (1.195)
Parent’s education: lower
secondary -13.51** -7.079** -8.965** -4.565+ -2.382 -0.0857
(2.171) (1.939) (2.020) (2.534) (2.373) (2.401)
Parent’s education: upper
secondary -19.93** -5.990** -8.850** -10.26** 2.431 -0.487
(1.787) (1.605) (1.694) (2.094) (1.939) (2.005)
Parent’s education: Tertiary -10.01** 9.040** 6.674** 6.042** 19.06** 19.56**
(1.906) (1.723) (1.812) (2.058) (1.905) (1.969)
Learning minutes 0.0729** 0.0370** 0.0483** 0.0639** 0.0417** 0.0456**
(0.00832) (0.00689) (0.00788) (0.00773) (0.00677) (0.00697)
Proportion of certified
teachers 10.69** 14.71** 11.01** 1.645 9.524** 4.170*
(2.077) (1.910) (1.968) (1.900) (1.795) (1.808)
Private school attended 36.60** 26.27** 30.29** 24.40** 19.58** 24.44**
(1.984) (1.843) (1.938) (1.732) (1.654) (1.698)
Teacher shortage 1.015* 0.499 0.900+ -1.074** -1.615** -0.0812
(0.487) (0.453) (0.468) (0.415) (0.398) (0.403)
Average disciplinary climate
in school 30.89** 42.19** 36.66** 36.85** 48.21** 44.58**
(1.328) (1.236) (1.270) (1.112) (1.070) (1.070)
number of computers
available 0.0313** 0.0674** 0.0490** 0.126** 0.128** 0.129**
(0.00829) (0.00766) (0.00815) (0.00879) (0.00867) (0.00877)
Parental pressure: low -9.174** -2.372+ -4.217** -10.35** -9.214** -8.589**
(1.520) (1.383) (1.446) (1.235) (1.202) (1.217)
Parental pressure: absent -3.127+ 2.515 2.418 -6.163** -4.546** -4.320**
(1.711) (1.567) (1.630) (1.416) (1.379) (1.371)
Small town 13.13** 7.602** 9.750** 9.099** 8.058** 7.922**
(1.739) (1.584) (1.650) (1.825) (1.704) (1.753)
Town 24.55** 18.45** 21.93** 31.47** 29.81** 28.17**
(1.897) (1.717) (1.779) (1.871) (1.753) (1.791)