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Page Background

Education of Disadvantaged Children in OIC:

The Key to Escape from Poverty

122

North Region, the Central Region or the South Region. Socially, the population centres of Amman,

Salt, Zarqa and Madaba together form a large metropolitan area in which business interactions in

these cities are under the influence of Amman while the cities of Jerash, Ajloun, and Mafraq are

mostly under the influence of the city of Irbid.

Table 12 Jordan Basic Indicators

Indicator

1990s

2010s

exact

year

for

1990s

exact

year

for

2010s

Population

Population, total

3,358,453

7,594,547

1990

2015

Population growth (annual %)

4.5

2.4

1990

2015

Population ages 0-14 (% of total)

46.2

35.5

1990

2015

Urban population (% of total)

73.3

83.7

1990

2015

GDP

GDP growth (annual %)

1.0

2.4

1990

2015

GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2011 international $)

6,661.4

10,239.7

1990

2015

Poverty &

Inequality

Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (%

of population)

-

-

-

-

Income share held by lowest 20%

-

-

-

-

GINI index (World Bank estimate)

-

-

-

-

Other

developme

nt

indicators

Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)

36.6

17.9

1990

2015

Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children

under 5)

20.5

7.8

1990

2012

Improved water source (% of population with access)

96.3

96.9

1990

2015

Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with

access)

97.3

98.6

1990

2015

Access to electricity (% of population)

94.8

99.5

1990

2012

Education

Gross enrolment ratio, pre-primary, both sexes (%)

19.4

32.2

1990

2015

Gross enrolment ratio, primary, both sexes (%)

101.6

97.3

1990

2014

Gross enrolment ratio, lower secondary, both sexes

(%)

90.0

86.5

1996

2014

Gross enrolment ratio, upper secondary, both sexes

(%)

72.2

73.8

1996

2014

Pupil-teacher ratio in primary education (headcount

basis)

26.5

19.9

1991

2003

Pupil-teacher ratio in lower secondary education

(headcount basis)

-

19.9

-

2003

Government expenditure on education as % of GDP

(%)

7.5

-

1996

-

Expenditure on education as % of total government

expenditure (%)

21.6

-

1996

-

Source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics Database and World Bank World Development Indicators Database

Demography:

According to the 2015 population census

332

, Jordan has a young population with 4

million (42%) out of 9.5 million below the age of 18. The adult literacy rate is high at 98% and

332

Government of Jordan (2016) “2015 Jordan Population and Housing Census”