Risk & Crisis Management in Tourism Sector:
Recovery from Crisis
in the OIC Member Countries
65
3.4. Conclusion
This section has outlined the principal crises affecting tourism to some member countries of the
OIC, examined the impacts of the crisis on the tourism sector, and has given examples of measures
taken by the tourism industry in OIC member countries to address the decline in tourism numbers
at different stages as the crisis develops.
It has also shown how some countries have diversified their tourismoffer andmarkets in response
to crises. This relates to the resilience cycle in that “although crises are disruptive events with the
capacity to jeopardise the functioning and sustainability of the tourism industry, they can yield
benefits for those involved. In tourism, as in other fields, crises are a source of commercial
opportunities. People do not necessarily cease travelling, but may travel in different ways and fears
about visiting a particular place can render alternativesmore attractive” (Ghaderi et al, 2012, p. 81).
The authors cite the cases of the Bali bombs and a coup in Thailand, which drove more business to
Malaysia destinations because the country was perceived as stable and safe. Thus, recovery from
the crises often allows for rejuvenationof the industry through evolving into a different form, rather
than creating an exact replica of the pre-crisis sector landscape.
The next two sections of this report examine case studies of crisis-hit countries, four OIC member
countries and four non-OIC countries.