ii
List of Figures
Figure 1: Global supply chain and the role of Customs Administrations...........................................................5
Figure 2: Strategic, tactical and operational level of CRM ..................................................................................... 15
Figure 3: Risk management cycle ..................................................................................................................................... 16
Figure 4: Business Process Model of the Risk Management Cycle .................................................................... 17
Figure 5: Risk levels based on probability and consequences of the event................................................... 18
Figure 6: Transactional Risk Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 20
Figure 7: Behavioral Risk Analysis................................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 8: World Bank Doing Business Trade Costs Comparative Analysis.................................................... 24
Figure 9: Risk management Architecture ..................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 10: Risk management framework ..................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 11: Data Mining Prediction Concept ................................................................................................................. 42
Figure 12: Example of text mining dependency network...................................................................................... 44
Figure 13: Example of uncovering hidden relationships in data mining ........................................................ 44
Figure 14: Kosovo Customs organizational structure ............................................................................................. 48
Figure 15: Visualization of the control policy in Kosovo CRM............................................................................. 50
Figure 16: Efficiency of the risk profiles in Kosovo Customs............................................................................... 52
Figure 17: Organizational structure of Integrated Targeting Operations Centre - ITOC......................... 58
Figure 18: New Zealand Customs System Interfaces............................................................................................... 59
Figure 19: New Zealand CRM System ............................................................................................................................. 61
Figure 20: Australian Customs Import Process ......................................................................................................... 66
Figure 21: Australian Customs percentages of inspected and examined shipments ................................ 68
Figure 22: Australian Customs Integrated Cargo System Concept.................................................................... 69
Figure 23: CRM Policy and Strategic Governance in OIC MS ................................................................................ 77
Figure 24: OIC MS International Agreements and Standards related to CRM .............................................. 78
Figure 25: OIC MS AEO implementation status and simplification measures.............................................. 80
Figure 26: Links between policies, processes and SOP........................................................................................... 84
Figure 27: CDPS in the OIC Member States .................................................................................................................. 88
Figure 28: Level of coverage of the CRM cycle between the three OIC regional groupings ................... 89
Figure 29: Timeline - CDPS Implementation in OIC MS.......................................................................................... 90
Figure 30: OIC MS Integrated and embedded CRM .................................................................................................. 91
Figure 31: Different stages of economic development of OIC MS ...................................................................... 93
Figure 32: CRM Performances according to the economic development of the OIC MS.......................... 94
Figure 33: Doing Business Ranking and OIC CRM Performances ...................................................................... 95
Figure 34: Average selectivity rate by channel 2014-2016 .................................................................................. 98
Figure 35: TCA Organizational chart of the Ministry of Customs and Trade ............................................. 105
Figure 36: TCA Risk Management Process ................................................................................................................ 108
Figure 37: Feedback mechanism and GUVAS (Customs Data Warehouse) ................................................ 109
Figure 38: Risk assessment on pre-arrival summary declaration .................................................................. 109
Figure 39: Computerized Risk Targeting Process .................................................................................................. 110
Figure 40: Inland Border Gates Program ................................................................................................................... 112