Promoting Agricultural Value Chains:
In the OIC Member Countries
22
emergent lead firms and large suppliers from the developing world are becoming powerful
actors in shaping GVC strategies and requirements for access, integration, and upgrading
(OECD et al., 2014).
2.1.4 New consumption patterns and consumer demand shaping
agricultural value chains
Traditional agricultural products, such as cereals, continue to be at the core of human diets and
experience slight increases in demand due to a growing global population (OECD-FAO, 2014).
However, as income levels and urbanisation are increasing in many countries around the
world, global food consumption patterns are also undergoing changes, which will also impact
on the content and organisation of agricultural value chains.
In developing countries, higher incomes manifest in increased demand for meat, dairy and
other products that follow a more western, protein-rich diet (see . A recent report
by the FAO and OECD predicts an increase in global meat consumption by 1.6 percent annually
from 2014 to 2023, resulting in more than 58 million tonnes of additional meat consumed by
2023 (OECD-FAO, 2014). Most of this increase will occur in developing countries, where meat
consumption is expected to rise by 80 percent (OECD-FAO, 2014), led by poultry as the
cheapest and most accessible source of meat and followed by pork which is especially
demanded by Chinese consumers. As a consequence, the report expects a significant increase
in demand for crops which can be used as fodder for livestock. For instance, coarse grains and
oilseeds are estimated to increase by 20 percent and 26 percent by 2023, respectively. Fish
consumption is also anticipated to rise significantly in developing countries (OECD-FAO,
2014).
Figure 2-1 Livestock consumption in developed and developing countries
Source: OECD-FAO, 2014
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
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2011-13 2023 2011-13 2023 2011-13 2023 2011-13 2023 2011-13 2023
Poultry Pork Beef Sheep Fish
Million tonnes
Developed Developing