COMCEC Poverty Outlook 2019
27
Figure 24: Annual growth rate in HDI of OIC Member States by income groups between
1990 and 2017
Source : Own calculations from UNDP (2018)
Note: The rates are calculated as the annual compound growth rate.
Although the HDI value increases with income, the association between income and HDI rank is
more ambiguous at the country level for the given income groups. The last column of
includes the difference between HDI rank and gross national income (GNI) rank for different
income groups. This difference is -7.5 on average for OIC implying that human development lags
behind the economic prosperity in the OIC member states in general. This difference is much
smaller for low and lower-middle income countries (1.9 and -4.3 respectively). However, it is
considerable higher for upper-middle income and high income countries. The difference for high
income group is almost -30.4 implying that this group was not able to translate its wealth into
human development as much as the other high income countries.
Table 5: Components of HDI by income groups, 2017
Life
expectancy at
birth
Expected years
of schooling
Mean years of
schooling
GNI (2011
PPP $)
GNI rank - HDI
rank difference
OIC 68,3 11,7 6,7 14.770 -7,5
Low income 61,6 9,7 3,8 1.744 1,9
Lower
middle
income
67,1 11,0 6,7 5.714 -4,3
Upper
middle
income
73,2 13,2 8,9 15.678 -11,1
High income 76,7 14,6 9,3 65.589 -30,4
Source: Own calculations from UNDP (2018).
Note: The averages are unweighted. That is, each country in the groups has the same weight irrespective of its
population.
1,42
0,97
0,76
0,52
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1,20
1,40
1,60
Low income Lower middle income Upper middle High income