Reducing On-Farm Food Losses
In the OIC Member Countries
32
Table 2.13: Summary Table for Literature Review on On-Farm Vegetable Losses
Country/Region Tomatoes Peppers Leafy Greens Onions Notes
Bangladesh 1% 8-15% Cabbage and
cauliflower
Benin 13-23% 5.9% 17.3-36%
Guyana 11%
Nigeria 20% 8-12%
Pakistan 22%
Tajikistan 5.3%
Turkey 28%
Egypt 15-30% Sunburn
Range 11-30% 1-12% 8-36% 5.3%
Source: NIHORT, 2000; Zulfiqar et al., 2005; Kodjogbe et al., 2008; Vayssieris et al., 2008; WFLO; 2010;; Olayemi et
al., 2010; Hassan et al., 2010; Molla et al., 2010; Jolaoso, 2011; Kader et al., 2012; Tatlıdil et al., 2013; FMARD, 2013;
Affognon et al., 2014; ADMI, 2015; Parkouda et al., 2015; Salama et al., 2015; Bounfour, 2015; AVRDC, 2014-15;
Gautam et al., 2015; Craig et al., 2015; Nabieva, 2015; Gaparova, 2015.
2.1.5. Meat and Dairy Products
High animal mortality during production or transport are frequently caused by diseases such as
pneumonia, digestive diseases and parasites. Mosses of dairy products are mostly due to spillage
and market forces. The information presented below reveals specific losses from the literature
review per country or region broken down by product type.
Cattle
 Mali: Calf mortality rate overall is 17% during the first year of life and total a 5%
perinatal loss (Wymann et al. 2006).
 Pakistan: Calf mortality rate in Peshawar city is 18% in one year (Khan 2007).
 Turkey: FAO study reported losses for cattle meat production, including 10% due to
diseases (brucellosis), poor environmental conditions, feeding practices and animal
care; and 0.2% losses due to overloading of trucks on farm (Tatlıdil et al, 2013).
 Sub-Saharan Africa: SIK assumed an average 10%mortality rate for cattle bred in SSA.
Milk
The literature revealed some important generalities about milk. Agricultural production losses
related to dairy cow illnesses (mostly mastitis infections) are the cause of approximately 3-4%
decrease in milk yield worldwide (Gustavsson et al 2011). During the wet season, milk losses
reportedly more than doubled because timely collection of milk from farms was hindered by the
poor road conditions, which are made even worse by the rains. It is estimated that during the
wet season, up to 42.8% of milk produced remains on the farm unsold due to failure of buyers
to access remote farms, and spoilage losses at the farm are mainly attributed to unhygienic milk
handling (Lore et al 2005).