COMCEC Poverty Outlook 2017
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living is a different dimension that consists of six indicators related to basic living standards. On
the other hand, income is not included in the calculation of MPI.
Deprivation in education is examined by years of schooling and child school attendance,
deprivation in health is measured by child mortality and nutrition, and deprivation in living
conditions is measured by electricity, improved sanitation, drinking water, flooring, cooking
fuel, and asset ownership.
Because each main dimension is equally weighted in calculation of the index, one dimension
affects the index 33 percent at most. Also each component of dimensions has equal weight. MPI
has maximum and minimum scores for its three dimensions and the related indicators, which
demonstrates for a household a maximum deprivation value of 10 and a minimum value of zero.
A household having a deprivation value of 3 and more is considered as living under
multidimensional poverty, and one who has a value between 2 and 3 is recognized as being
under the risk of multidimensional poverty. (The UNDP, 2010b:215-222).
Figure 26: Dimensions of the MPI
DIMENSIONS Health Education Standard of living
INDICATORS Nutrition Child
Mortality
Years of
schooling
Children
enrolled
Cooking fuel Toilet Water Electricity
Floor Assets
POVERTY
MEASURES
Intensity of
poverty
Headcount
ratio
Multidimensional Poverty
Index (MPI)
Source: The UNDP, 2015.
Global Hunger Index
Global Hunger Index (GHI) which is calculated by the International Food Policy Research
Institute (IFPRI) is a significant indicator that reveals the state of hunger for countries. The GHI
displays the level of hunger by taking undernourishment29, child wasting, child stunting and
under-five mortality rate into account. The methodology of GHI is revised in 2015 report.
According to this new methodology, GHI scores on a 100-point scale where 0 is the best score
(no hunger) and 100 the worst. In practice, neither of these extremes can be attained. . A value
of 100 means that the country’ undernourishment, child wasting, child stunting and child
mortality levels are the same as the maximum thresholds in all the dimensions. A value of zero
29 “Undernourishment” indicates the calorie consumption of fewer than 1,800 a day, which is thought to
represent the minimum calorie requirement that most people need to live a healthy and productive life. (FAO,
2011a quoted in IFPRI , 2013:7)