Improving Road Safety
in the OIC Member States
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capacity building, require appropriate planning, funding and willingness of the road authorities
(Ecorys, 2011).
Pillar 3: Vehicles
Like many Asian countries, Indonesia has a large population of 2- and 3-wheel vehicles. Some
83% of all registered vehicles in 2013 were motorized 2- and 3-wheelers. Motorized 2-and 3-
wheelers offer little or no protection to riders and passengers and the risk of serious injury in
the event of crashes is high. The use of non-standard and unsafe vehicles contributes to a high
number of accidents. Over involvement of buses and trucks are the main factors of accidents
with buses and trucks. The main reasons that there are a lot of non-standard and unsafe vehicles
in use is that there are no applied vehicle standards (Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative, 2010).
There are no frontal impact standards, electronic stability control and pedestrian protection
empowered.
Vehicles with faulty brakes are a common cause for traffic crashes marked with “severe injury”.
While faulty brakes are a common cause for fatal traffic accidents, ignoring warning lights of the
vehicle (e.g. tyre pressure, engine oil level and temperature warning) also contributes to traffic
accidents. Some people ignore these warning and indication light because they think they are
probably malfunctions (Arwar, 2014). Every vehicle is supposed to have a proper certification,
given by the local transportation agency, before going on the road. The risk of having an accident
is quite high, so law enforcement needs to set strict rules for lawbreakers (Arwar, 2014;
Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative, 2010).
Pillar 4: Road users
The majority of traffic fatalities are registered among bus drivers and passengers (35%), riders
of motorised 2- or 3-wheelers (36%) and pedestrians (21%) (World Health Organisation,
2015b). Data from Indonesia shows an increase in the number of vehicles, and an increase in the
number of crashes. Young people (10-24 yr.) and people of productive ages (25-50 yr.) account
for a large proportion of accidents. A majority of accidents affect individuals who ride
motorbikes and make use of the public transport. Traffic accidents can also reflected in an
increase in the number of poor people, especially those widowed or without a family
breadwinner (Arwar, 2014).
Human factors such as carelessness, fatigue, lack of skill, drunkenness, speeding, proximity to
other drivers and jaywalking, have become predominant factors in road crashes. This suggests
that public awareness of traffic is needed, especially for people in their productive ages. A large
number of motorcycle drivers are using their motorcycles either without having or carrying a
driving license (Arwar, 2014).
Post-crash response
The time between injury and initial stabilisation is an important factor in the patient’s survival
chance. Thus, prompt emergency assistance and efficient trauma care management are clearly
important in minimizing the road accident deaths. Indonesia does have multiple emergency