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Improving Customs Transit Systems

In the Islamic Countries

31

Customs

Business Sector

Transporter

National

Economy

The region as a

Whole

Reduced

paperwork

Reduced

paperwork and

guarantee costs

Reduced

paperwork

and

guarantee costs

Regional

economic

integration

Improved global

integration of the

region

Standardized and

simplified

documents

Reduced

costs,

better

compliance,

fewer disputes

Reduced

costs,

better compliance,

fewer disputes

Higher

employment

Higher

employment

Mutual

cooperation with

other CAs

Enhanced

predictability and

efficiency

Enhanced

predictability and

efficiency

Higher foreign

investment

Higher

foreign

investment

The decrease in

smuggling

of

goods in transit

Partnership with

CA and OGAs

Partnership with

CA and OGAs

Decrease

of

national grey

economy

Decrease

of

regional

grey

economy

Reduced

opportunities for

bribery

Reduced

corruption

Reduced corruption

Better

productivity

Fewer

customs

physical

inspections

Fewer

customs

physical

inspections

Faster transport times

Source: Author own compilation

Implementation of an efficient CTR is a part of many facilitation agreements, conventions, and

recommendations. According to the WTO

25

, the full implementation of Trade Facilitation

Agreement could reduce trade costs by an average of 14.3% and boost global trade by up to 1

trillion USD dollars per year, with the biggest gains in the poorest countries. For example, the

University of International Business and Economics (UIBE) from Beijing, China in 2017

conducted a study about TIR implementation and the facilitation of unimpeded trade for China,

offering compelling evidence of the benefits of TIR to establish unimpeded trade for China. The

report shows the benefits of TIR implementation, which could reduce transit time by as much

as 80 percent and increase total exports by up to USD 7.86 billion

26

. China joined the TIR

Convention in 2018, and goods originated from China are going global with higher efficiency,

while foreign imports also will be faster and safer.

The implementation of NCTS brings financial benefits to the public and private sector. The

research

27

related to the implementation of the NCTS in the EU showed that the NCTS had

25

https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tradfa_e/tradfa_e.htm

26

https://www.iru.org/resources/newsroom/first-tir-transports-china-advance-belt-and-road-prospects

27

McLinden, Enrique Fanta, David Widdowson, Tom Doyle; Editors, Border Management Modernization, 2011, The

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / World Bank, p.259-260