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Education of Disadvantaged Children in OIC:

The Key to Escape from Poverty

257

ANNEX 6: PAKISTAN

Annex Table 7 DHS 1990 and 2012 Correlations

Attendance in

school

(6-11 year

olds)

Attendance

in school

(12-15 year

olds)

Finishing 5

years of

education

(12-15 year

olds)

Finishing 8

years of

education

(16-18 year

olds)

1990

2012 1990 2012

1990 2012 1990

2012

Urban/Rural

Location

Rural

46.5

69.9

45.8

57.5

30.3

46.8

19.6

37.6

Urban

75.2

85.5

68.3

77.6

61.4

67.9

51.3

61.1

Region

Balochistan

29

51.5

32.7

49

22.6

34.2

10.8

30.8

Sindh

48.1

59.1

48.7

54.5

33.9

44.3

33.2

41.4

Khyber

Pakhtunkhwa

45.6

74.7

46.1

67

26.5

53.9

20.5

46.2

Punjab

62.2

83.4

57.8

68.2

47.4

59

33.6

48.2

Household

head's

education

No education

44

61.8

42

48.7

29

38.5

20.2

29.6

Primary

education

59.7

77.4

56.7

64.4

42.7

52.3

25.9

40.7

Secondary

Education

79.2

88

78.7

79.6

66.1

69.6

56.4

62.6

Higher Education

90.8

91.8

89.9

89.2

88.3

80.4

86.9

80

Number of

children at

home

5 or more

children

52.8

70

51.9

56.6

37.3

44

28.7

31.9

3-4 children

56.6

77.4

54.3

66.4

40.3

53.1

30.4

42.2

1-2 children

59.6

81.8

54

70.5

46.9

64.1

33.7

50.6

Asset quintiles

Quint 1 (Poorest)

27.9

45.3

31.5

30.8

18.2

19.4

8.5

10.9

Quint 2

45.5

70.5

42

54.6

26.4

42.3

15.7

30.2

Quint 3

50.6

84.3

47

68.8

32.1

57.1

17.7

46.8

Quint 4

69.8

88.9

62.6

79.1

50

70.8

33.7

58.7

Quint 5 (Richest)

87.6

95.7

82.1

89.5

75

82

67.5

78.3

Language

Non-Urdu

53.5

72

52

61.5

37.5

50.4

27.7

41.1

Urdu

74.5

92.1

72.7

82.8

63.5

73.5

57

67.2

Gender

Female

45.6

70.3

39.8

57

31.9

51.8

22.7

41.2

Male

63.5

78.2

65.4

70

48.2

55.1

39

50.1

TOTAL

TOTAL

54.9

74.5

53.2

63.8

40.5

53.5

30.9

45.5

Note: Authors’ calculations using DHS 1990 and 2012. Language is not the language of the child but instead

native language (or the language women speaks at home) of women responding to the women's questionnaire.

If there are more than 1 woman in the household responding to the questionnaire the mode is taken. Hence this

variable proxies the language spoken in the household. In order to be consistent with DHS 1990, Gilgit-

Baltistan region is dropped from DHS 2012 and Islamabad in DHS 2012 is assumed as part of Punjab region.