iii
Figure 8: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the Arab group.......................50
Figure 9: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the Asian group. ....................51
Figure 10: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the African group. .............52
Figure 11: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the Arab group. ..................52
Figure 12: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the Asian group..................53
Figure 13: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the African group..................54
Figure 14: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the Arab group.......................54
Figure 15: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in the EU, five largest value exports of the Asian group. ....................55
Figure 16: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the African group. ............58
Figure 17: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the African group.............58
Figure 18: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the African group. ...............59
Figure 19: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the African group...........59
Figure 20: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the African group..........60
Figure 21: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the African group. ............60
Figure 22: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the Arab group...................61
Figure 23: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the Arab group..................62
Figure 24: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the Arab group. ....................62
Figure 25: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the Arab group................63
Figure 26: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the Arab group...............63
Figure 27: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the Arab group...................64
Figure 28: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the Asian group. ................65
Figure 29: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the Asian group. ...............65
Figure 30: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in Nigeria, five largest value exports of the Asian group....................66
Figure 31: Frequency of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the Asian group. .............66
Figure 32: Prevalence of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the Asian group. ............67
Figure 33: Coverage of SPS and TBTs in Pakistan, five largest value exports of the Asian group. ................67
Figure 34: Plan for case studies..................................................................................................................................................71
Figure 35: Top five export sectors for Bangladesh, 2011. ..............................................................................................73
Figure 36: Top five export markets for Bangladesh, 2011. ............................................................................................74
Figure 37: Sector-wise breakdown of mandatory and voluntary product standards in Bangladesh. .........77